Opthalmology

Eyes are one of the five sense organs that detect light in the environment and transmit it to the brain. Eye health refers to the healthy and proper functioning of the eyes and the preservation of vision.

What are Eye Diseases?

• Myopia
• Hypermetropia
• Astigmatism
• Presbyopia
• Glaucoma (Eye Pressure)
• Eye dryness
• Night Blindness
• Uveitis
• Strabismus
• Cataract
• Allergic Conjunctivitis
• Color Blindness
• Nystagmus
• Eye Twitching
• Lazy eye
• Tear Tract Diseases
• Retinal Diseases
• Yellow Spot
• Corneal Diseases
• Keratoconus

What are the tests applied in eye health and diseases?

Eye Dryness Tests

Eye dryness is the decrease or deterioration of the stability of the tear film layer that moisturizes the surface of the eye. Patients often complain of burning, stinging, foreign body sensation, redness, watering and eye fatigue in the eyes. Following these complaints, eye dryness tests are performed to diagnose and treatment options are determined. 

Eye Dryness Tests; Some tests such as tear breakup time and tear test can be applied to patients.

Color Vision Tests

Color vision tests are tests used to measure how a person perceives and distinguishes colors. These tests can be used to detect problems with a person’s color perception, such as color blindness.

To determine whether you are color blind and what type of color blindness you have, a test involving a series of pictures of colored dots is administered. However, different types of color vision tests can also be used for diagnosis.

Computerized Visual Field Test

Computerized visual field testing is a test performed by ophthalmologists. This test is used to determine whether there is any limitation or impairment in the person’s visual field. Test results help the ophthalmologist learn more about the patient’s eye health. 

Eye Pressure Measurement

Eye pressure is the measurement of fluid pressure inside the eye. This pressure increases when the fluid inside the eye is more than normal, causing eye pressure to rise. High eye pressure can be a symptom of glaucoma, an eye disease that can cause optic nerve damage and permanent vision loss over time.

The most common method of measuring eye pressure is tonometry, also known as the “air puff test.” In this method, a light jet of air is sprayed into the eye and the meter calculates the fluid pressure based on the eye’s response. 

Eye pressure measurement, when performed regularly, can be useful in the early diagnosis of potential eye diseases such as high eye pressure. For this reason, it is recommended that people over the age of 40 have their eye pressure measured every year. For this reason, it is recommended that people over the age of 40 have their eye pressure measured every year.

Corneal Thickness Measurements (Pachymetry)

Corneal thickness measurement is a test performed by ophthalmologists. The device used during the pachymetry test lightly touches the surface of the eye and measures the thickness of the cornea using ultrasonic waves or optical measurement technology.

Eye Ultrasonography Measurements

Eye ultrasonography measurement is a medical imaging method used to examine the internal structure of the eye. In this method, high frequency ultrasonic waves are reflected into the eye. By processing the reflected waves with the help of a computer, detailed images of the internal structure of the eye are obtained.

Eye ultrasonography measurement is used in the diagnosis and follow-up of eye tumors or other intraocular lesions, measurement of intraocular pressure, diagnosis of retinal detachment and other retina problems, diagnosis of diseases such as intraocular fluid accumulation and evaluation of eye traumas.

It is also used to measure the size of the eye, the depth of the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, the placement of the eye lens, and the position of other structures of the eye. These measurements play an important role in pre-eye surgery planning and follow-up.

What are the treatments applied in eye health and diseases?

Excimer Laser Surgery

Laser eye surgery, popularly known as eye contouring, is a method used to correct eye defects such as myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism and to ensure clear vision.

There is no need to wear glasses and contact lenses after laser eye surgery. Laser eye surgery, which has been performed for years, helps individuals improve their quality of life by providing them with clearer vision.

No Touch Laser

No touch laser is applied to those who have problems with near or far vision, those who have undergone cataract surgery, or those who are at risk of tearing the retina layer.

Laser Treatment for Eye Dryness

Eye dryness are one of the complaints that patients most frequently consult ophthalmologists. The purpose of IPL laser, which is applied to individuals suffering from dry eyes, is to clean the hardened secretions that block the pores of the sebaceous glands with the help of strong light waves. 

Laser Treatment for Eye Pressure (Glaucoma)

Eye pressure is a condition that occurs when the normal flow of fluid within the eye is blocked. It is also called glaucoma. Glaucoma is a serious eye disease that can cause permanent vision loss if left untreated.

There are many methods to treat eye pressure, and one of them is a laser treatment called selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT). SLT is a method that helps reduce eye pressure by sending light energy to an area within the eye.

SLT therapy is less invasive and generally has fewer side effects than other treatments used to lower eye pressure. SLT treatment may be appropriate for patients with high eye pressure, and the effectiveness of this treatment may last for several years.

During SLT treatment, the ophthalmologist uses a laser to emit targeted light energy into an area of the eye called the trabecular meshwork. This process decreases eye pressure by increasing the fluid flow within the eye.

SLT treatment is generally painless and usually takes a few minutes. After treatment, patients’ eyes may be tender for several hours and there may be mild redness or swelling. However, these side effects are usually mild and go away within a few days.

Keeping eye pressure under control is important to decrease the risk of vision loss. Therefore, it is recommended that people with high eye pressure visit their ophthalmologist regularly and try treatments such as SLT if deemed necessary.

YAG Laser

YAG laser application is applied for the treatment of capsule focus in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Cataract surgery is one of the most common surgeries performed today, especially as people get older. The procedure helps permanently improve vision by replacing the eye’s natural lens with an artificial lens that does not require care or maintenance, such as glasses. 

The YAG laser procedure is a common requirement for patients who have undergone cataract surgery to modify the results for the best outcome.

Argon Laser

It is a method used in the treatment of eye problems such as retina and macula. Argon laser therapy is used to treat the retina at the back of the eye. This treatment is also used to treat retinal degeneration, a disease that causes damaged or weak blood vessels in the eye to leak.

Argon laser treatment is performed through a lens placed at the back of the eye and usually takes a few minutes. Argon laser treatment is a minimally invasive treatment and is generally painless. There may usually be a slight discomfort after the treatment. But this situation is temporary. The effect of treatment may vary depending on the patient’s eye condition and response to treatment.

Optical Coherence Tomography

Optical coherence tomography is a high-tech imaging method that works with computer systems to obtain a histological microscopic image of the retina. OCT imaging method is performed painlessly and in a short time. The device does not contain radiation or X-rays. Thus, it does not harm the patient in any way.

Phacoemulsification Method

Phacoemulsification method is known as the frequently used cataract surgery method. No stitches are used in phaco cataract surgery. The procedure is performed with small incisions. Accordingly, it is popularly known as the seamless or laser method. 

Orbital Surgery

The bony space in which the eye is located is called orbita (eye socket). Orbital diseases occur due to abnormal growth (tumors) of the structures located here, infections or fracture of the bones forming this cavity.

Orbital surgery is a surgical procedure performed to treat disease or damage to the bones, muscles, and nerves around the eye. This procedure is often used to solve problems that affect the movement of the eyes. Orbital surgery improves the quality of life by restoring the normal functions of the eyes.

Tumor Surgeries

Tumor surgeries are surgical procedures performed to treat tumors that occur in the eye and around the eye. This type of surgery usually aims to remove or treat cancerous or tumoral tissue in the eye.

Through pathological examinations, it is necessary to determine whether the tumors occurring in and around the eye are benign or malignant. Even if the tumor is benign, it may often need to be removed with tumor surgery.

Yellow Spot Disease

Macular degeneration is an eye disease that occurs due to damage and degeneration in the center of the retina layer at the back of the eye. This disease is a disease that is seen especially in people over the age of 50 and affects central vision and can cause blindness.

The cause of the disease has not yet been fully explained. Since central vision loss may be irreversible, early diagnosis and treatment is very important.

Cataract 

Cataract is an important health problem that causes vision loss if not treated in time. It is defined as visual impairment that occurs as a result of the natural lens inside the eye losing its transparency.

The only treatment for cataracts is surgery. It is treated with the phaco method. In this method, the natural lens in the eye is removed and an artificial lens is placed in its place.

Keratoconus

Keratoconus is a condition characterized by progressive thinning and cone-shaped steepening of the cornea, the cause of which is not fully explained. In the treatment of keratoconus, which is triggered by frequent eye rubbing, the cross-linking technique comes to the fore as well as contact lenses. 

Early diagnosis and treatment of keratoconus disease is of great importance in preventing serious vision loss that may occur in the future.

Intraocular Lenses

Intraocular lenses are defined as artificial lenses that are placed in place of the natural lens inside the eye. Intraocular lenses are used for the treatment of refractive errors and cataracts. 

It can be useful for people who have vision problems at far or near distances. Intraocular lenses are safe for most people, especially during cataract surgery, and provide clear vision in many patients.

Retinal Diseases and Surgery

Retina is defined as a light-sensitive layer located in the inner part of the eye. It ensures that images are transmitted to the brain. Retinal diseases refer to various conditions that can cause vision loss due to changes or damage to the retinal layer.

It is a diabetic retinopathy disease that is most common among retinal diseases. Other examples include retinal tear, retinal detachment, macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. 

Vitreoretinal surgery is a surgical method used to treat problems in the retina and vitreous gel. This surgery can be used to treat retinal tear or detachment, macular hole, vitreous hemorrhage, infections and other retina problems.

Vitreoretinal surgery is usually performed under local anesthesia. Microsurgical instruments made through a small incision are used.

iLasik Laser Application

iLasik laser application is a surgery performed according to the patient. It consists of the combination of computer-controlled laser technology and personalized wavefront treatments. 

iLasik is used in the treatment of myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. With the iLasik method, which shapes the cornea to treat these disorders, it is possible to return to social life one day later.

Diabetic Eye Diseases

As eye problems in diabetes; Many disorders such as temporary vision disorders, double vision, and permanent vision loss can be observed.

Diabetes causes cataracts, eye hypertension and diabetic retina disease. Eye damage caused by diabetes is called “Retinopathy”. 

To protect against eye diseases caused by diabetes;

Blood glucose and blood pressure need to be controlled.

Diabetic patients should be examined by an ophthalmologist once a year to prevent any negative effects that may occur in their eyes.

Diabetic patients with pregnancy must be examined by an ophthalmologist within the first three months.

Eyelid Aesthetic

Under the influence of aging, gravity, genetic and environmental factors, sagging of the upper eyelid skin and bags under the eyes occur. This appearance can lead to a tired, sleepless and old appearance. 

Eyelid aesthetics (blepharoplasty) is a set of procedures performed by surgical specialists on the lower and upper eyelids to remove sagging skin, excess muscle tissue and tighten the tissues around the eyes.

Eyelid problems can narrow the visual field and reduce vision, as well as causing aesthetic problems such as fatigue in the eyes, feeling of heaviness, asymmetry and looking older than their age.

Eyelid aesthetics, wrinkles, sagging, etc. around the eyes. It is a process aimed at solving problems.

Eyelid aesthetics is performed on individuals who have sagging along with wrinkles on the upper or lower eyelid and eyelid edges. Wrinkles and sagging around the eyes (blepharoplasty), which increase with age, can be corrected with eyelid aesthetics.

With eyelid surgery, excess sagging skin is removed and fatty tissues that cause bags are removed. While upper eyelid surgery can be performed under local anesthesia, lower eyelid surgery is performed under general anesthesia.

Eyelid surgery can be performed in combination with other plastic surgeries such as eyebrow lift and face lift. Approximately 3-4 days of rest is sufficient. It is one of the operations where the return to social life is rapid.

When evaluating the eyelid, a comprehensive eye and vision examination must be performed beforehand. Then, the function of the upper and lower eyelids, their anatomical position, the function of the main muscle that lifts the upper eyelid, auxiliary muscles and the eyebrow should be evaluated. As a result of the checks performed, the most appropriate treatment should be planned and applied.

After eyelid surgery, stitches are removed within 7-10 days. Swelling and bruising around the eyelids resolve within an average of 10 days, and scars from the stitches resolve within an average of 3 months. It is possible for people who have undergone surgery to return to their normal lives in approximately 1 week. 

Eyelid Tumors

In tumors seen on the eyelid, a successful treatment is performed by controlling the surgical margins and aesthetically treating the eyelid and its surroundings with reconstruction methods such as graft-flap-mucosa transplantation after excision. However, it is also very important in terms of providing cosmetic appearance.

Excision and reconstruction surgeries are successfully carried out by our experienced surgical team.